Ethical Health Care Issues Essay

Breast Cancer is a serious content that affects almost every woman worldwide, either directly as somebody diagnosed with cancer, or indirectly through the illness of a loved nonp aril (Womens wellness pick, 2014). Breast Cancer is found in women, in their twenties and thirties, and those with a family history of the disease. In 2006, approximately 212,920 new cases of incursive booby cancer were diagnosed in the United States alone (Womens wellness Resource, 2014). The case scenario will discuss the ethical and effectual issues regarding a 25 grade old female affected role stricken with breast cancer, who refuses discussion for the disease, in addition to the four (4) ethical dogmas, (a) autonomy (respect for persons), (b) justice, (c) beneficence, and (d) non-maleficence.Case ScenarioA 25 year old female unhurried made an denomination with her primary cathexis physician because she discovered a lump in her breast after a routine check. On the day of the involution, the physician examined her breast, and made a referral for her to visit and oncologist, who specializes in the diagnoses and discourse of cancer. There are three types of oncologists. They are (a) health check oncologist (uses medicine (chemotherapy) to treat cancer), (b) irradiation oncologist (uses radiation to treat cancer), and (c) surgical oncologist (treats cancer with surgery) (The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation, 2009). The persevering schedules an appointment with the oncologist, who then will inform her of the diagnoses and preachings if withdrawed as per the upshot of the biopsy. The result of the biopsy will confirm if the affected role has breast cancer or not. self-sufficiency (respect for persons) acknowledges a persons proper(ip) to make preferences, to hold views, and to excise actions based on personal values and beliefs (Chowning et al., 2007).To refuse word, the patient must be legally and mentally capable, and 18 years or older. Parents wit h children nether the age of 18, have the right to consent or refuse give-and-take for his or her child. Physicians also have a righteous and legal promise to comply with a patients voluntary, informed refusal of life sustaining treatment, heedless of a physicians judgment concerning the medical or moral appropriateness of this (Miller et al., 2000). A 25 year old patient with breast cancer refused medical treatment as suggested by the oncologist. Conflicts may come on with the patient as she made a decision to not generate address, which can ultimately lead to death.Death may be seen as a failure, rather than an important part of life (Smith, 2000). Upon receiving the patient choice to deny treatment, the oncologist is then obligated to inform, and educate the patient about the social welfares of treatment, and risks associated with not receiving treatment. The patient has the right to deny treatment, point when the physician suggests the benefits of treatment. The followi ng treatment options are available to the patient such as, lumpectomy, mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and as yettually, surgical reconstructive memory (Womans health Resource, 2014).AutonomyWhen a patient refuses treatment to care for the disease, autonomy then becomes a bit challenging. While there may be opposing views in regard to treatment or non-treatment, medical professionals must respect the patient decision, and support the patient during this process, while delivering select care (Stringer, 2009). The rules of law are based on ethical beliefs that are commonly held in our society. These basic ethical principles include respect for private autonomy, beneficence (helping others), non-maleficence (not harming others), and justice or fairness. Regardless of whether these ethical duties are derived from religious faith, natural law, or a social contract, these principles form the basis for the legal rules of our society (Harris, 2007).BeneficenceThe principle o f beneficence means that the health care supplier must promote the offbeat of patients and avoid harming them (Rosenthal, 2006). When a patient refuses treatment(s), the health care professional must communicate the risks of not receiving treatment. The play of the health care professional is to provide quality of care to the patient, even when a patient refuses treatment. The health care professional must persist compassionate, as the patient expects the medical professional to stilltreat him or her with dignity and respect.Non MaleficenceNon Maleficence means to do no harm. Health care professionals must always strive to do their work without acrimony or the intention thereof to the patient (Ask.com, 2014). The health care provider is obligated to aid the patient to the best of his or her ability by providing benefits, protecting the patients interest, and improve wellbeing. To ensure that the patient is not harmed while refusing treatment, the health care professional can co nduct a risk benefit analysis where research on the disease and various medications can be found. Upon his or her findings, the health care professional should explain the effects of treatment or non-treatment. Under non maleficence, there is a legal duty to blame third parties, which is a critical and legal concept (Rosenthal, 2006).JusticeThe principle of justice means to treat others equitably, distribute benefits or burdens fairly (Chowning et al., 2007). Health care professionals must provide patients with treatment alternatives, and not misinform the patient about any of the medical processes involved. The major issue with this principle is that sparing barriers can interfere with access to appropriate therapies and medications (Rosenthal, 2006). The health care arranging is required to provide services or care to a patient regardless of health care coverage. Patients should also be treated evenly regardless of age, race, or ethnicity. Patients must be treated with dignity and respect, even though he or she may refuse care or treatment for their medical condition.ConclusionOne of the most common shopping centre ethical dilemmas in the health care industry is a patient refusing treatment to care, as this action may threaten his or her wellbeing or health. The health care professional must determine what aspects of autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence need to be used before providing care. A physician has the legal right to ensure and provide the patient with sufficient information about treatment plans, and care. Health care administrators must examine underlying issues such as competence of the patient, the billet apparent, and refusal of care (Michels, 1981). In the case of the 25 year old patient, ethical issues werepresent because her right to refuse treatment conflicted with the oncologists obligations to provide quality care to her.ReferencesAsk.com (2014). What Is Non Maleficence? Retrieved from http//www.ask.com/question/what- is-non-maleficence Chowning et al. (2007). An Ethics Primer. Seattle WA Northwest Association of Biomedical Research. Retrieved from https//www.nwabr.org/sites/default/files/NWABR_EthicsPrimer7.13.pdf Harris (2007). Contemporary Issues in health care Law and Ethics, 3e. Retrieved from University of Phoenix Michels, R. (1981). The Right to Refuse Treatment Ethical Issues. American Psychiatric Association, 32(1), 251-255. Miller, F., Fins, J., & Snyder, L. (2000). Assisted suicide compared with refusal of treatment a valid distinction? Annals of Internal Medicine, 132(6), 470-475. Rosenthal, M. S. (2006). Patient misconceptions and ethical challenges in radioactive unity scanning and therapy*. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, 34(3), 143-50 quiz 151-2. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/218613783?accountid=458 Smith, R. (2000). A tidy death an important aim for health services and for us all. British Medical Journal, 320(7228), 129-130. Stringer, S. (2009). Ethic al issues involved in patient refusal of life-saving treatment. Cancer treat Practice, 8(3), 30-33. The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation (2009). Breast Health. Retrieved from http//www.tdrbcf.org/oncologist/index.html Womens Health Resource (2014). Breast Cancer. Retrieved from http//www.wdxcyber.com/breast_home.html