History in the Making Essay

Hi storeyits who we are and where we come from. From hollow out men to cars that run on compost, account happens every day. Everything that has happened in bill is absolutely fundamental in our current day existence. From the radical time to the Cold contend off the beaten track(predicate)e, the States has come so far, and through the contend on Terror, we continue to march on making every action history. The rotatory Era After the British spent an extreme amount of bullion defending the Colonies against the French, they decided to shift some of the expenditures to the colonists.The leave conduct to the capital of Massachusetts Tea Party in 1773 (Lib. Of Congress, p. 1), when the colonists rebel guide against the British and their absurd tax on tea in order to re-coop defense expenditures. Reactions much(prenominal) as this led to the necessitation of order, which led to the Declaration of Independence, and the Revolutionary Era. The Constitution As a result of deciding n on to amend the current Articles of Confederation, a new clay of government was born. 55 delegates from age 26 to age 81 debated, redrafted and created what is at one time known as the Constitution of the United States.These articles clarified many topics such as how much control the government should have in received areas, how representatives should be elected, and many some other issues we still live by today. Since its publishing in 1787, thither have been 27 amendments to the original version. Jeffersonianism Derived from the depot Jeffersonian, and named for its discoverer, the Jeffersonianism philosophy held that each man had a right to have a say-so in government, believed in the expansion of human freedom, and believed that every soulfulness had a right to be educated. It also supported reliance on the farmer and agriculture, instead of relying solely onHistory in the making 3 perseverance to boost the economy. Hamiltonism, which followed Jeffersonianism, was believe d to be an evil stigma to Jeffersonianism by Jeffersonians. Civil War Brother against brother, the revolutionized nation could not decide whether or not the government should have control over the states, industrialization, and most importantly, slavery. The collaborationist states, or the Confederate States of America, decided to take matters into their own hands and secernate themselves to make their own rules. This led to the Civil War, where one nation quarreled with its counterpart.Although the northmost won, losing over half a jillion soldiers did not make the tint any easier for anyone to handle. Reconstruction After the catch of the Civil War, a period of Reconstruction began. Attempts were made to solve differences between the Union and the 11 Confederate states that had seceded from the Union. Though opposition from the Radical Republicans was evident, the Reconstruction Act of 1867 was passed, and military districts in the South were re-established. The South had n o choice but to accept the fourteenth and 15th amendments of the Constitution (39th Congress, p. 1).The New South Although the days of slavery had ended, the Confederate states continued to retain control over their civilization. With the abolition of slavery came resentment from loss of control, which led to the birth of the Black Codes. The Black Codes allowed whites to control the fresh freed slaves by regulating the type of work black people could do, the hours they worked, and prevented blacks from ski tow their own crops. Freedom was not freedom after all. Foreign affairs Lack of support from the European economies post Civil War disquieted the cotton crops, as the producers became overstocked.The North added some restriction to the History in the reservation 4 Southern ports, and our foreign allies soon show other sources to fulfill their needs, which hurt the South tremendously. Industrialization As America advanced, so did the way work was performed. Not only did ind ustrialization convey forth machinery, it also was the birth of transportation and communication. Andrew Carnegies steel industry revolutionized transportation. The rails made from refined steel created necessary use of the force system, as did communication with the use of the telegraphs and telephone systems (Feldmeth, p.1). Progressive Era along with industrialization came those who felt that anything old was inefficient and useless. These reformers brought forth the Efficiency Movement, which argued that the economy, troupe and government were inefficient. Frederick Winslow Taylor coined the term one best way with the idea that there was one best way to fix everything. He, along with several other engineers improved industrial efficiency. gentlemans gentleman Wars Taking place mostly in Europe, the First World War between the affiliate Powers (France, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the U.S) and the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, the German Empire, Bulga ria and the Ottoman Empire) was a result of the assassination of the Austrian throne heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife. This event soon led to a lavish fledged war. The Treaty of Versailles would end the first war, and stake victory for the Allied Powers, but controversy over its contents would soon lead to World War II. The second war between the Allied Powers and the Axis Powers (Nazi Germany, fascistic Italy, and the Empire of Japan) would be the deadliest war to date, killing over 60 million people.This war resulted in victory for the Allied Powers. History in the Making 5 The Depression In 1929 our nation suffered the worst market fall to date. The stock market crash, in conjunction with the outrageous cost of WWII, led to great losses for many people. Soon, supply exceeded demand. Cities based heavy in industry-type operations, including those outside of the U. S. were hit especially hard. Farmers were also a target, as the harm for crops fell between 40 and 50 per cent.The New Deal, or restructuring of the economy, enforce by President Roosevelt, would help lead the nation to recovery. The Cold War The Cold War, as dubbed by Bernard Baruch and Walter Lippmann, is a term used to advert the growing tensions between the US and the Soviet Union. It would be the longest war to date, lasting from the mid 1940s to the early 1990s. Post WWII, the two nations could not agree on how to reconstruct the post war populace. Wars including the Korean War, the Cuban Missile Crises, and the Vietnam War were possible threats to lead into a third world war.The Cold War came to an end when Gorbachev launched his reform programs, Perestroika (reconstruction of the Soviet economy) and Glastnost (introduction of publicity and openness) (Wikipedia Staff, p. 1). It is some impossible to summarize our nations history. So many events, far too many to place in a single art object of words, played key roles in the structure of how we live today. Needless to say, his tory continues to ensue every day. From our nations birth to the Cold War to the hanging of Saddam, America will continue to write a story we all should be so eager to read.References1. Library of Congress (1998). Revolutionary Period. Retrieved in January 2007 from www. americaslibrary. gov/cgi. bin/page. cgiljb/revolt. 2. 39th Congress (1866). 14th Amendment to the US Constitution. Retrieved in January 2007 from www. nps. gov/archive/malu/documents/amend14. htm. 3. G. Feldmeth (2000). American Industrialization. Retrieved in January 2007 from www. home. earthlink. net/gfeldmeth/lec. indust. html. 4. Wikipedia Staff (2001). Definitions for Perestroika and Glastnost. Retrieved in January 2007 from www. en. wikipedia. org.

Nissim Ezekiel Treatment of Poetry Essay

Nissim Ezekiels poem Enterprise describes a metaphorical journeying toward a particular proposition terminus. The travelers on this journey begin in a real sensual place, a desert, and argue about how to cross this challenging landscape. One of the members of the group, who writes the to the highest degree stylish prose, goes his own way. The rest of the group is left on its own. few quit the team. The group is attacked by travelers, and over time be discern unmoved by anything they witness.Fatigue and the stresses of travel have settled in and galore(postnominal) of the members of the group cannot go on. By the fifth stanza, the picture ahead is grim. The ecstasy has faded and their burdens are heavy. Their vision is clouded with the disintegration of the group and their exhaustion. The well-focused goal presented in the first stanza is lost. The travelers are a disorganized group of aimless wanderers unaware any longer of the original motivation for their expedition. Their observations at this heading in the poem are about trivial things.In the last-place stanza, the travelers reach their destination however, it is not quite home. Ezekiel concludes that this type of expedition is not a worthy undertaking living at home with inward satisfaction is the greatest achievement of all. The travelers consider their journey and have moments of introspection. They come to the conclusion that their expedition has been neither pioneering or notable for any reason. They had fancy their journey would make a mark in history.The yet difficulty is that others have made this journey before. It is nothing new. The journey of Enterprise is a metaphor for life and our focus on the destination as the only means for our goals. Some critics have noted that Ezekiels Enterprise is as well as his attempt to bring together two homes his place of birth and his journey to a European city. His exploration of the idea of home is sophisticated generous to be compared to the s ame themes in the poetry of Robert Frost, for example.

Ethical Health Care Issues Essay

Breast Cancer is a serious content that affects almost every woman worldwide, either directly as somebody diagnosed with cancer, or indirectly through the illness of a loved nonp aril (Womens wellness pick, 2014). Breast Cancer is found in women, in their twenties and thirties, and those with a family history of the disease. In 2006, approximately 212,920 new cases of incursive booby cancer were diagnosed in the United States alone (Womens wellness Resource, 2014). The case scenario will discuss the ethical and effectual issues regarding a 25 grade old female affected role stricken with breast cancer, who refuses discussion for the disease, in addition to the four (4) ethical dogmas, (a) autonomy (respect for persons), (b) justice, (c) beneficence, and (d) non-maleficence.Case ScenarioA 25 year old female unhurried made an denomination with her primary cathexis physician because she discovered a lump in her breast after a routine check. On the day of the involution, the physician examined her breast, and made a referral for her to visit and oncologist, who specializes in the diagnoses and discourse of cancer. There are three types of oncologists. They are (a) health check oncologist (uses medicine (chemotherapy) to treat cancer), (b) irradiation oncologist (uses radiation to treat cancer), and (c) surgical oncologist (treats cancer with surgery) (The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation, 2009). The persevering schedules an appointment with the oncologist, who then will inform her of the diagnoses and preachings if withdrawed as per the upshot of the biopsy. The result of the biopsy will confirm if the affected role has breast cancer or not. self-sufficiency (respect for persons) acknowledges a persons proper(ip) to make preferences, to hold views, and to excise actions based on personal values and beliefs (Chowning et al., 2007).To refuse word, the patient must be legally and mentally capable, and 18 years or older. Parents wit h children nether the age of 18, have the right to consent or refuse give-and-take for his or her child. Physicians also have a righteous and legal promise to comply with a patients voluntary, informed refusal of life sustaining treatment, heedless of a physicians judgment concerning the medical or moral appropriateness of this (Miller et al., 2000). A 25 year old patient with breast cancer refused medical treatment as suggested by the oncologist. Conflicts may come on with the patient as she made a decision to not generate address, which can ultimately lead to death.Death may be seen as a failure, rather than an important part of life (Smith, 2000). Upon receiving the patient choice to deny treatment, the oncologist is then obligated to inform, and educate the patient about the social welfares of treatment, and risks associated with not receiving treatment. The patient has the right to deny treatment, point when the physician suggests the benefits of treatment. The followi ng treatment options are available to the patient such as, lumpectomy, mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and as yettually, surgical reconstructive memory (Womans health Resource, 2014).AutonomyWhen a patient refuses treatment to care for the disease, autonomy then becomes a bit challenging. While there may be opposing views in regard to treatment or non-treatment, medical professionals must respect the patient decision, and support the patient during this process, while delivering select care (Stringer, 2009). The rules of law are based on ethical beliefs that are commonly held in our society. These basic ethical principles include respect for private autonomy, beneficence (helping others), non-maleficence (not harming others), and justice or fairness. Regardless of whether these ethical duties are derived from religious faith, natural law, or a social contract, these principles form the basis for the legal rules of our society (Harris, 2007).BeneficenceThe principle o f beneficence means that the health care supplier must promote the offbeat of patients and avoid harming them (Rosenthal, 2006). When a patient refuses treatment(s), the health care professional must communicate the risks of not receiving treatment. The play of the health care professional is to provide quality of care to the patient, even when a patient refuses treatment. The health care professional must persist compassionate, as the patient expects the medical professional to stilltreat him or her with dignity and respect.Non MaleficenceNon Maleficence means to do no harm. Health care professionals must always strive to do their work without acrimony or the intention thereof to the patient (Ask.com, 2014). The health care provider is obligated to aid the patient to the best of his or her ability by providing benefits, protecting the patients interest, and improve wellbeing. To ensure that the patient is not harmed while refusing treatment, the health care professional can co nduct a risk benefit analysis where research on the disease and various medications can be found. Upon his or her findings, the health care professional should explain the effects of treatment or non-treatment. Under non maleficence, there is a legal duty to blame third parties, which is a critical and legal concept (Rosenthal, 2006).JusticeThe principle of justice means to treat others equitably, distribute benefits or burdens fairly (Chowning et al., 2007). Health care professionals must provide patients with treatment alternatives, and not misinform the patient about any of the medical processes involved. The major issue with this principle is that sparing barriers can interfere with access to appropriate therapies and medications (Rosenthal, 2006). The health care arranging is required to provide services or care to a patient regardless of health care coverage. Patients should also be treated evenly regardless of age, race, or ethnicity. Patients must be treated with dignity and respect, even though he or she may refuse care or treatment for their medical condition.ConclusionOne of the most common shopping centre ethical dilemmas in the health care industry is a patient refusing treatment to care, as this action may threaten his or her wellbeing or health. The health care professional must determine what aspects of autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence need to be used before providing care. A physician has the legal right to ensure and provide the patient with sufficient information about treatment plans, and care. Health care administrators must examine underlying issues such as competence of the patient, the billet apparent, and refusal of care (Michels, 1981). In the case of the 25 year old patient, ethical issues werepresent because her right to refuse treatment conflicted with the oncologists obligations to provide quality care to her.ReferencesAsk.com (2014). What Is Non Maleficence? Retrieved from http//www.ask.com/question/what- is-non-maleficence Chowning et al. (2007). An Ethics Primer. Seattle WA Northwest Association of Biomedical Research. Retrieved from https//www.nwabr.org/sites/default/files/NWABR_EthicsPrimer7.13.pdf Harris (2007). Contemporary Issues in health care Law and Ethics, 3e. Retrieved from University of Phoenix Michels, R. (1981). The Right to Refuse Treatment Ethical Issues. American Psychiatric Association, 32(1), 251-255. Miller, F., Fins, J., & Snyder, L. (2000). Assisted suicide compared with refusal of treatment a valid distinction? Annals of Internal Medicine, 132(6), 470-475. Rosenthal, M. S. (2006). Patient misconceptions and ethical challenges in radioactive unity scanning and therapy*. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, 34(3), 143-50 quiz 151-2. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/218613783?accountid=458 Smith, R. (2000). A tidy death an important aim for health services and for us all. British Medical Journal, 320(7228), 129-130. Stringer, S. (2009). Ethic al issues involved in patient refusal of life-saving treatment. Cancer treat Practice, 8(3), 30-33. The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation (2009). Breast Health. Retrieved from http//www.tdrbcf.org/oncologist/index.html Womens Health Resource (2014). Breast Cancer. Retrieved from http//www.wdxcyber.com/breast_home.html

The movie “I am Legend” Review

When producing a horror word picture we tend to think of an indivual exhalation around killing or chopping people up into small peices. or so horror characterizations might have a big scary lusus naturae that goes around and terrorize people in there neighborhood. This is the norm for close horror icons to happen the storyline that shuddery factor. The movie I am Legend was a horror movie that took a different aprroach from your rule horror movies. It was still scarey but exactly had that horror gist when the time was right or when the monster was approached. In this paper I will analisy the movie I am Legend to better run crossways the overall storyline and its plot.The movie I am Legend had a non-linear narrative structure. A non-linear film does not move from one deed to the next in chronological order but moves from the present to the furture to the past, and so on, with no regard for chronological order (Goodykoontz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. 2011). In this movie it starts with Neville computer storage his past daily life as a military scientists. He was trying to find the cure for a virus that was spreading across the world. Then the movie goes into his present life after the virus has killed everybody and divergence him alone in the city of New York.In the movie I am Legend Will Smith was the star actor who played the region of Robert Neville. I think Will Smith is not only a star actor but also a wild humour actor who can play a wide variety of characters every bit well without becoming typecast (Goodykoontz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. 2011). Will Smith did a dependable job of protraying the life of a man who was left alone in the world with mutants and his only companion Sam a German Shepard. These mutants were results of a man-made virus that killed off most of the population. He was able to bear and not be affected by this virus because he was resistant to the virus.In this movie Roberts family wife Zoe (Salli Richardson) and son Marley (Willow Smith) were killed in helicopter crashed cause by the mutants, so Robert is haunted by the memories of his family being killed. The cinematography was created by Andrew Lesnie. He did an neat job of creating a realistic abandoned New York city with cars scatterd by out the city with no movement. In the blastoff were the helicopter crashes the supernumerary(a) effects made it feel real, all the special effects in this movie were created using computer-generated imagery.CGI was also used to give the realistic effect of the planes shooting missles into the two near blowing it up. Most of the colors used in this movie went relatively well with the scenes. The darker colors were used to set the mood for scarey scenes. For example has Robert enters the dark wee-weeing looking for Sam that scene was shooter totally in the dark with him using a bourgeon light. The flash light was a very good enough tool to use to suck up the mutants feeding in the dark. The make outor Wa yne Wahram used the garnish transitioning method to edit the movie I am Legend.After the news hatch is shown in the opening sequence, the editing is generally slow cut and transitioned this is to build up the atmosphere and impend on the audience a backbone of solitude and abandonment. The camera shots then turn into shaky footage when shown from inside the car, this is in order to a sense of realism to the film. v When the deers run in front of Robert Nevilles car the editing is sped up and quick cut transitions are now used- this is to add suspense and tension as in principal it is a conventional chase scene (slideshare. net). In this movie I am legend all three categoreis of sizeable were used.Dialogue, voice-over, and sound effects. Dialogue is when one character peachs to one another. When Robert wakes up from the dark he tried to commit suicide he awoke to having Anna (Alice Braga) in his kin cooking breakfast. Once he comes to terms of what just happened he began to ta lk to her about how did she find him. He was under the impression he was the only sole survior and she expalined to Robert that was other people in a different variance of the country. In the beggining of the movie voice-over was used because Robert narrated this first scene he was explaining about his life.Sound effects was used through out the movie to enhance the over all different scenes. You can hear deers running birds chirping when Robert goes out on a patrol threw the city and see the deers. In the final scene sound effect was used to create the big explosion as he kills himself and some of the mutants. The movie I am Legend certain three stars out of three from Robert Ebert. The pros for this movie was the special effects. The way the special effects were used help enhance the thrill and suspence and gave you a good scary factor.The cons for this movie was its story line its hard to believe that if the bridge was blew up from the start of the movie that Anna some how was able to get to Robert by car. Also the scene where Robert starts off sleeping in the tub and some how ends up in his bed. I think when the movie was edited they used the wrong cut to reestablish the next seen or used a jump cut. In conclusion I think the movie I am Legend was a very simple horror/suspence movie that was entertaining at momments and boring others. The storyline could have been enhanced to give the horror film more horror and thrills.

Cbta

armed services handicraft foot be considered as 1 of the oldest arts in the world. It had been a feature of societies through place history where certain groups of people were entrusted with the function of argue the state. The soldiery profession today however, differs in m all aspects from the military of the latterly eighteenth century in the sense that recruitment is based on education and skill rather than on the radical of social origins. array men today work on a full- succession basis instead of regarding military service as a initiate-time calling or hobby.All professions argon expected to primary(prenominal)tain a certain aim of compe tennercy and get out be reprimanded or reject divulge office if they do non measure up to the unavoidcapable professional standards. The military profession must maintain high standards of performance in the eyes of the universal public in army to hold its credibility and professional standing. everyplace the classs, west ern writers like Huntington (1957), Janowitz (1971) and Sarkesian (1975) had presumptuousness their views on the subject of military profession and professionalism.They had identified the following ecumenical characteristics of military professionalism which atomic number 18 organizational anatomical structure, picky dupe it offledge, education and genteelness, self-regulation and commitment. The Malayan legions had rise up to the challenge in addressing the issues of military professionalism among its strength. All the characteristics of military professionalism mentioned earlier are existence intercommunicate seriously by the regular army.Thus, one of the measures taken by the Army that the top hat place to start inculcating professionalism among the soldiers should start at the raising centers. The Army has 17 education institutions all over the country and in 2011 the budget allocated for the Markas Pemerintahan Latihan dan Doktrin Tentera Darat was $22. 7 mill ion. With 250 agate lines and 441 series of gives in 2011, the number of soldiers trained in year 2011 was nigh 16,000. This is a significant figure that can be considered as products of the Malaysian Army.Therefore, the Army has taken an start by introducing the efficacy Based train and Assessment (CBTA) as a measure to increase the aim of professionalism among its strength. CBTA is non a new approach in culture. It has been a nationwide exit by the Ministry of Human Resources. Malaysia, along with the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden and Germany were the main players in implementing CBTA since year 2000. The introduction of the National Skills Certification System in 1993 by the Majlis LatihanVokasional Kebangsaan (MLVK) and the soon to be implemented National Skills festering flirt by the Ministry of Human Resources as well as the Malaysian dexterity Framework (MQF) by the Ministry of Higher Education will serve to reconstitute and stream draw off the case vocational and skills gentility in the country towarfareds brush the demands of todays job tasks more effectively. Its introduction is indeed timely, pass onn the high priority that it places on the area of human resource victimisation.With the speech pattern towards preparing trained and qualified deft work posture to support the countrys economic development, at that placefore, the more flexible framework of national skills recognition and capabilitys is inevitable to promote a conducive readying culture for the personal demand of skilled workers, which would hence lead to the overall upgrading of competencies amongst the countrys skilled workforce. Competency based learning has been the basis of roughly training and has been nice in most countries.The Roman Army for example, were masters of competence training as apply to large groups and their effectiveness in delivering such training was a major contri justor to their military success. A perf ect rendering of cleverness training is as follows Their drills are like bloodless battles, and their battles are like bloody drills. Joseph Ben-Matthias, aka Flavius Josephus The damage of CBTA bemuse many variations. Some countries know it as Competency Based Learning (CBL) and some countries call it Competency Based Training (CBT). Nevertheless, might is the main keyword.CBT was a critical cipher in the US Armys ability to train some(prenominal) million young men during World War II. With the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1942, the US armed forces was faced with the necessity to train millions of young men for its rapidly expanding armed forces. This rapid elaborateness required a method for quickly providing people with the friendship, skills and billets required to do a particular job. Using variations of CBT, millions of young men were trained, shipped to Europe or the Pacific and due to their training played a major part in the defeat of Germany and Japan.The role of training in enabling the US Military to expand from a very small army to one of several millions in lonesome(prenominal) a short period of time is mainly due to the effectiveness of CBT. The Vocational Education, Employment and Training consultative Committee of Australia, sees CBTA as training geared to the attainment and demonstration of skills to discover industry-specified standards rather than to an psyches achievement relative to that of otherwises in a group. CBTA is essentially a scientific approach to training that relies on identifying the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to do a particular job, for example for an substructure soldier.The approach taken was to break each job floor into groups of competencies. Competencies tie in to any particular job could be identified through a diligent process of training analysis in terms of performance, conditions and standards. For example an metrical foot soldier might be required to perform firing of a rifle. Th e conditions required to fire the rifle at various conditions and positions. Example of standards required are, during day on a range at one speed of light meters score fifty hits on a target measuring threesome foot high two foot wide, while standing.There is considerable tip over as to what actually give aways a competency, still for general purposes it can be identified as a readily identified group of cogitate knowledge, skills and attitudes, which taken together constitute a major part of a job which is subject to measurement and mind. Generally if you cannot measure performance with a stop watch then it is in all probability not a competency. To give an example, firing a rifle in terms of infantry training can be regarded as a competency. It is a major part of an infantry mans job. It can be measured in terms of performance, conditions and standards and you can put a stop watch to it.For example, ten shots in the target within one minute. The Malaysian Armed Forces (MA F) follow CBTA based on the c one timept implemented by the Australian demurrer Forces (ADF). The ADF practiced the CBTA concept since year 1996. The MAF, realizing the need to revamp the approach towards training, started the opening night towards CBTA in 2002 and started implementing CBTA in year 2007. The introduction of CBTA in the Army training programs has lead to the establishment of the Malaysian Army Competency measuring rod (MACS). It is a document that infralines the necessities and requisites that must be bring forthed by a soldier in their field of expertise.MACS will be assessed based on job development in order to make sure soldiers can accomplish tasks at a level that can be accepted. The Army has identified that there are 318 course and functional courses based on the Armed Forces enroll No 2 (AF Code No 2) that need to meet the requirement of MACS. Since the introduction of CBTA until end of year 2011, the number of soldiers who maintain qualified for th e Malaysian Skills Certification (MSC) or too known as Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia (SKM) from Army training institutions is 42,408 students.MSC or SKM is a certification structure which comprises of five levels National Skills reserve Framework based on National Occupational Skills Standard (NOSS). MACS development for the courses listed in the AF Code No 2 varies in terms of achieving SKM accreditation ranging from SKM take aim 1 to 5. The strengths of implementing CBTA in the Army encompassed all the general characteristics of military professionalism mentioned earlier. In the area of education and training, once the competencies provoke been identified then it is relatively easy to structure a training course.You might break the competencies down into component tasks, for example in the beginning you can fire a rifle, you would bewilder to learn how to strip and assemble that rifle. That particular task might be listed as a specific learning outcome which has to be performed b efore meeting the final competency of firing a rifle under specific conditions. It would then be relatively easy to structure a training course, which might involve initial training and then provided On-The-Job training (OJT), which would deliver to the Army, soldiers with the necessary competencies to do the job required.Implementation of CBTA too holds the Army training institution to produce a more all-inclusive training package that take into account the core values of competency (knowledge, skill and attitude). Efficiency in managing training courses, effectiveness of course pitch and systematic evaluation or assessment, take in the graphic symbol of training, hence ensuring the quality of soldiers. Evaluation of a soldier does not end solely at a particular training institution, which is the main approach in stuffy method of training. CBTA allows continuous evaluation in the form of competency log.This would ensure that a soldier does not moreover fitted during train ing solely alike when performing task and duties at workplace. In addition, CBTA can also help the Army to develop a sizable organizational structure as part of achieving military professionalism. Job analysis and job precondition which have been identified during CBTA process, allows the Army to have the right person for the right job. This would allow the Army to identify what sort of competency and soldiers it needs in its organizational hierarchy. Improvements have also been make on Army training centers organizational structure.Moreover, besides having at least an police officer responsible on CBTA at each of the Army training institutions, the Army also has started preparedness its staff and instructors on what CBTA is all about. In year 2011, there were 5 courses conducted in the Army which aimed to increase the knowledge of the staffs and instructors. The courses were, Pegawai Latihan Vokasional (3 series), Induksi Pentauliahan Persijilan Kemahiran (3 series), Course of Study (4 series), grassroots Instructor Methodology (1 series) and Kursus Induksi Pegawai Pengesahan Luaran Vokasional (1 series).These courses would lead the Army to ensure that CBTA is well understood, taught and implemented. As a result, the objectives of CBTA carrying into action can be achieved. Military professionalism should not only be accepted among military personnel but it must be recognized by the general public. CBTA has allowed military professionalism to be accepted and recognized. The implementation of CBTA in the Army is consistent with the requirement of MLVK. Adoption of CBTA provides soldiers with another dexterity path and career development opportunity that has been established in line with the academic capability structure.In other words, this pisseds that the double qualification structure is based on two types of qualifications, namely the academic qualification and the skills qualification that are available in this country today. The emergence of thi s new skills qualification structure has opened up a whole new station of opportunities for all soldiers after completing their service in the Army. In addition, it also caters to soldiers who have no qualifications to show despite having years of working experience.As an example, PULMAT has able to get SKM accreditation of SKM take aim 4 for its Souse Chef course. It is the highest level of SKM accreditation achieved among all the 318 courses conducted by Army training institutions. Attaining SKM take aim 4 accreditation is equivalent to a parchment based on NOSS. Therefore, it can be express that soldiers who have achieved competency in the course is at par with others in the business surround or the labour market. They would also have a better career path after completing military service if they decided to keep abreast any job with similar competency level.A lot of discussions have been do regarding to the advantages and strengths of CBTA in having the Army desired result s. Nevertheless, CBTA also have some weaknesses in heading to higher level of professionalism in the Army. Looking at the milepost and achievement of CBTA in the Army until today, the figures and statistics can be verbalise to the finish of they are alarming. Out of the 17 Army training institutions, only 9 training centers or about 50% are considered authorized training centers. They are IKED, IKEM, IJED, PULMAT, PULNORD, PULAPOT, PULPAK, PULADA and IPDA.These training centers have in broad(a) of 42 courses out of 318 courses that have been legitimate with SKM certification. This only made up to approximately 13% out courses listed in the AF Code No 2. Only one course managed to get SKM take aim 4, 13 courses at SKM Level 3 and 28 courses with SKM Level 1 to Level 2. IJED has the most courses in terms that are accredited with the national level SKM. Based on the AF Code No 2, year 2011, out of the 21 courses were conducted by IJED, 12 courses are accredited with national SKM. In addition, IKEM and PULMAT have 7 courses each with national SKM accreditation. PULADA on the other hand, only have 1 course (Dog Unit Handler Course) which has achieved national SKM accreditation. This is very distressing figures for the infantry army corps in terms of where is the approaching of Infantrymen during their service and once they leave the service. The competence level of Infantrymen should portray the professionalism of the Army since most Infantry officers would end up as top look in the Army.As for the future of Infantrymen after their service, the Army must take a necessary action to in order to ensure that Infantry soldiers have a decent competency to compete in the labour market, peculiarly for the other arranges where they would normally retire by the age of 45 and windlessness need to work to support their family. With only 1 course accredited (SKM Level 2) out of 18 courses conducted by PULADA, CBTA can be said as failed to increase the level of profe ssionalism for the Infantrymen. Only those who have the technical skills and knowledge while serving in Corps such as KJLJD and KPD would pull the benefits of CBTA.With majority of Army personnel were only trained at SKM Level 1 and 2, one lead to wonder how SKM Level 1 and Level 2, help the Army to increase professionalism among its personnel. The general guideline of SKM level is as the following diagram. SKM Level 1 and Level 2 are categorized as in the operation and production level in terms of category of personnel. These are the level where most of Army personnel managed to obtain SKM certification from ensueing courses in year 2011. In year 2011, 4,800 Army personnel obtained SKM certification.Only 11% (550 personnel) obtained SKM Level 3, 32% (1,516 personnel) obtained SKM Level 2 and 57% (2,734 personnel) obtained SKM Level 1. Thus, referring back to the general characteristics of military professionalism, if the Army considers having most of its personnel achieving SKM L evel 1 and Level 2 as increment in professionalism, then CBTA would have met its objective. Nevertheless, military professionalism is more than just special skills as in SKM Level 1 and Level 2. The Army should be face at aiming for at least SKM Level 3 in order to increase some level of professionalism.SKM Level 3 will allow soldiers to have the three categories of personnel as shown in the diagram. The categories are skills, related/management skills and supervisory skills. Mastering them would lead to achieving military professionalism. When the MAF espouse CBTA, the general guideline of SKM competency has been laid out based on rank structure. SKM Level 1 for the rank of Private and Lance Corporal, Level 2 for Corporal, Level 3 for Sergeant and Staff Sergeant, Level 4 for rabbit warren Officers and Level 5 for Officers. It can be said that some courses in the Army failed to meet the guideline.As an example, the partition air force officer course conducted at PULADA, is only d eveloped to achieve SKM Level 2. Thus, for the Infantry Corps, most of its serjeants would have SKM Level 2 instead of SKM Level 3 as required by the MAF. This should be a major concern for the Infantry Corps because it has the most number of personnel in the Army. The number of personnel with the rank of sergeant in the Infantry Corps is approximately 1,500 personnel. In the Infantry Standard Battalion, personnel holding the rank of sergeant are 56% (57 personnel) out of the 102 Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) in the battalion.The Infantry Section Commander course at PULADA basically focus on field application and tactics and not so much focus on managerial and administrative duties at the battalion. The managerial and administrative duties are covered mostly during the Pegawai Tidak Tauliah Rendah (PTTR) course at IPDA. Nevertheless, an infantry soldier is qualified to be given the rank of sergeant once he round outd the Infantry Section Commander course. In an Infantry battali on, he is responsible to manage 7 personnel in his section.In year 2011, PULADA conducted 3 series of the Infantry Section Commander course with total number of approximately 300 students. The 300 personnel would have dinky knowledge of managerial and administrative duties due to normal practice applied in an Infantry Battalion is that a soldier will go for PTTR course once he completed the Infantry Section Commander course and if the he is planned to be promoted to the rank of Staff Sergeant. Moreover, on average only 100 bits are given to Infantry Corps per year for the PTTR course.In comparison to the 300 personnel at listed the Infantry Section Commander Course per year, less than 50% would have the chance to attend the PTTR course. Hence, approximately 200 personnel would not be competent plenteous to manage a section of soldiers in the Infantry Battalion. In the Sistem Saraan Malaysia (SSM), a Sergeant in the Infantry Battalion will have to complete the PTTR course if he wis hes to have a better pay. He will be given the P2 salary for the rank of Sergeant. Therefore, it can be said that money could be the motivational level to attend the PTTR course.That motivation would force the learning of managerial and administrative knowledge during PTTR course where in return, it would make the Sergeant a better soldier, change magnitude his level of professionalism. Thus, it leads to the question on the new SBPA salary structure system where salary of P2 no durable applies. There could be personnel by the rank of Sergeant no longer wish to attend the PTTR course if they feel that they would not be promoted to the rank of Staff Sergeant. Hence, it can be said to the extent that without the PTTR course they would be less professional.For an Infantry Battalion, the 57 Sergeant would not have the competency to manage approximately 500 soldiers in the battalion if no one attends the PTTR course. The chain reaction effect of this issue is that officers would have a larger responsibility in ensuring military professionalism is carried out in the Army. The responsibility supposedly to be shared among the NCOs and Officers in order to have a well structured organization as required in achieving military professionalism. Another area where CBTA is seen as does not promote the sense of professionalism is in terms of leaders training.CBTA is not effective when used as a basis for training in areas such as leadership, and management where it is almost impossible to measure competency in terms of clearly restraind behaviors that contribute to effective management and leadership, hence affecting the characteristics of military professionalism. much(prenominal) areas still rely on a subjective assessment made by experts in the field. For example many special forces training courses do use competencies as part of the training package where these competencies relate to mensural behaviors. Literally behaviors which can be measured with a stopwatch.Howe ver, the final assessment must be subjective. Such assessment could take the form of a group of experts examining each individual and asking a question that can only be answered subjectively such as would you go to war with this man. If the answer is no, then it doesnt matter how many behavioral competencies the individual has passed, he is not suitable. Such subjective assessment is probably still appropriate in assessing candidates for jobs where qualities are required that can only be defined subjectively by experts. For example priest, teacher, military officer or a flying instructor.All of these types of jobs require qualities that it is almost impossible to define in terms of behavior. It is hard to say what exactly a good leader is actually doing, but we know it when we see it. Attitude competencies by and large fail because they can only be measured in the negative. For example, a competency might require the individual to demonstrate the right attitude to safety. Well you can easily measure the wrong attitude, if somebody lights a cigarette in a no smoking area, you have a behavior which clearly demonstrates a poor attitude to safety.But if the individual is not smoking, it doesnt demonstrate a positive attitude, all it shows is that the person is not smoking. Officer training courses where students are aware that attitude is being assessed tend to lead to students falsifying their behaviors that they believe will be viewed in a positive light. For example demonstrating keenness by always smiling and being willing to do a task. Any assessment could only leave off that the person is competent at smiling and effective in victimisation the language of volunteering, it says nothing about the individuals attitude.The keen individual might well turn out to be displaying a competency in duplicitous behavior, which might well be useful but is hardly a trait likely to endear the individual to his or her subordinates. CBTA could also lead to soldiers feel c omplacent on their achievement. They only have to achieve competence level since the evaluation is either he is competent or not yet competent. In contrast, the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) adopted the Competency Based Learning (CBL) and has a different competence level assessment.The differences between the Malaysians Army CBTA are that the SAFs CBL gauge performance based on five level of competency. The levels are, Novice/ mature Beginner, Competent, Proficient and Expert. The SAF feels that these are the necessary levels that should be assessed in CBL especially leadership training. Therefore, the Malaysian Army leadership training could be hampered in increasing level of professionalism due to soldiers feel that they only have to be assessed as competent. In order to excel, one should not feel complacent but try to bring the best out of him.In conclusion, the Malaysian Army should have a well defined terms and definition of military professionalism. From there, it would be abl e to understand how CBTA can improve the level of professionalism among its personnel. Based on the discussions, arguments and empirical evidence of CBTA achievements in the Army, it can be concluded that the level of professionalism could be increased solely by implementation of CBTA. Nevertheless, it does not mean that CBTA has failed in terms of its objectives, it merely need a minor surpass in terms of the SKM level needed by Army personnel in achieving professionalism. 3894 words) REFERENCES 1. Janowitz, Morris, The headmaster Soldier, The Free Press, New York, 1971. 2. Huntington, Samuel P. , The Soldier and the Slate, Belknap Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1957. 3. Sarkesian, Sam C. , The Professional Army officer in a Changing Society, Nelson-Hall Publishers, Chicago, 1975. 4. Ramatahan, K. , Leadership Development Through the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) Competency Based Learning Project, SAFTI Military Institute, Singapore, 2000. 5.Annual Report, Laporan Perkembangan L atihan dan Penilaian Berasaskan Kompetensi (LPBK) Tahun 2011, MK LAT-BPL(MLVK)/G3/3001/5(71) date Feb 2012. 6. MACS Report, Pembangunan Standard Kompetensi Tentera Darat (SKTD) Untuk Tugas Penolong Ketua Platun Infantri Dan Ketua Seksyen Infantri, MK-TD Jab Inf, Kuala Lumpur, Jul 2008. 7. Paper Work, Konsep Strategi dan Perlaksanaan LPBK Dalam Angkatan Tentera Malaysia, MATM/J1CTK/A/238/8 dated 12 Dis 2005. 8. AF Code No 2, Jadual Kursus Tempatan Tahun 2011, Markas Pemerintahan Latihan dan Doktrin Tentera Darat, Kuala Lumpur, 2011.

Arguments on W.C. Smith

Wilfred Cantell metalworker a much respected Canadian pietism academic died in 2000 solely as other great thinkers the likes of him his work outs continue to live after his passing.metalworker has dealt extensively with the matter of assurance and how we as people interpret or understand it on a daily basis. Faith according to smith is the essence of humanity and it is for this tenability that much of his work has delved largely on this matter.Before we go any move on it is important to appreciate that Smith is a world class bookman who spent sometime teaching a Christian mission college in the Indian subcontinent before and after it was divided to create Pakistan.While there he developed an appreciation for the Muslim trust and on his return to Canada he helped set up the Institute of Islamic Studies at McGill University. He by and by on moved to Harvard where he became the Director of the Center for the Study of human being Religions.Never one to be held down by convention s, his biggest aim was to move out-of-door from the Christian theology he had long dealt with, as a pupil and teacher, to a much broader way in which a better perceptiveness of religion can be attained. Smith once described his work as the search for conceptual clarification of mans relation to transcendence. (Jagger, 2004).Religion obviously has both depots that go hand in hand, persuasion and doctrine, as far as many people are concerned. Smith mat that faith is not only feature that defines religious life (Smith, 1998) but more what fully defines the human life.Faith according to Smith is different from belief. not the matter that in Christianity the two terms represent the same fiber and have therefore been used interchangeably as was used in the New Testament to in the translation of the word pistis (Smith, 1997).Smiths beef, if you will, with belief today is that belief seemed to have acquired different meanings in English everyplace time and it has brought about muc h confusion.In Believing An Historical Perspective, Smith asserts that faith is concerned with persons and on the other hand belief refers to pro impersonates (Smith,1997). This led to his expression that belief has come to simply mean a lack of certainty, i.e. believe in something that may not have f stand forual truths.Belief is an horizon or conviction (Random House Dictionary, 1996). This definition is one that made Smith discount belief as something that can influence religion. Smith has dealt win with this matter in another one of his works, Faith and Belief.He felt that the changes that have occurred the terms faith and belief are his reasons for the position he holds that religion is not about belief. About religion itself, Smith argues that the terms faith and cumulative tradition are more smart terms for it.Smith points out that faith, though also very diverse, does not lure manifold interpretations as the term belief does. He also sees faith as cutting across all the religions of the world and it is what compels people to act in accordance to what their religion teaches.This point is what has won me over to Smiths idea that religion is not about belief. I am in total agreement with Smiths view of things here.In particular many people have followed Smiths point of persuasion and today the term transcendence is gaining ground around the religious circles. And whenever the term transcendence is invoked what comes to mind is Buddhism, so its clear why Smiths observation takes all the religions under its his wing, so to speak.

Application Letter Essay

I am writing to apply for the patch of fireman in the Bureau of Fire and Protection. As requested, I am enclosing a completed job application, my certification, my resume and three references.The accident presented in this listing is very interesting, and I believe that my strong operable experience and education will make me a very matched candidate for this emplacement. The key strengths that I possess for success in this position includeI am magnificently physically fit and adapted in order to sustain the jobs high aim of emotionally, mentally and physically demanding activity. I am always ready to rise up into action despite the down periods in my job. In addition to attempting to trust out fires that might need to help treat victims and perform separate vital life-saving or public functions, I provide exceptional contributions to asylum of those involved in a fire and offering medical service to the injured.With a BS degree in Computer Technology and a Civil Service Exam passer lastOctober 2013, I hire a full understanding of the full life cycle of universe a fireman. I also have experience in skill and excelling at new technologies as needed. Please see my resume for surplus information on my experience.

Wilderness Bradley Watker

I hobbled as immediate as I could cross elbow rooms the moor. I didnt look guts and I didnt look squander the spring because I didnt want to admit safe how close it was, the latter because I didnt want to see the rakehell spurting from my foot. It was chasing me. I didnt change state round, n ever sotheless with each limped and painful step I knew it was proper behind me, progress to to go knock off and end any futile apply of survival. It was so near, at my shoulder, on top of me, right through my brain. I could feel its schnorkel pushing against my neck, salivating in hunger. why didnt it effective finish me off? by chance it wanted me to turn, maybe the sec I looked it would be on that point. Its blood-red eyeb any shining into mine, its wide m protrudeh ready to oblige an aperture of my throat. The temptation to turn was im handsse. If I turned it would be over, I wouldnt accommodate to be active hobble, limp, pitch anymore. I assayd it growl, ready to pounce. My arms flailed, my earthly concerngled foot slipped in a coating of my own blood however be quiet I ran, dumb I refused to look back. I unbroken idea of survival, thinking on that pointd be a future, thinking Id live and it was with that thin slice of hope that my legs disappeared from under me.I screamed, exclusively it was a punishing of surprise quite than pain and it was lost in a terrible scream from across the moor. Who was that? Was it Mark? Was it Pete? Wed run to observeher, separated thinking it couldnt chase down t divulge ensemble tether of us across these moors. But was that right? It was a coarse way to run and we had no idea how swift it was. I unsympathetic my eyes and listened. It was Mark. It was Mark screaming into the darkness. It was Mark being torn apart. I opened my eyes, slowly, and looked behind me. There was cryptograph. There were no red eyes, on that point were no bloodied teeth. Yet I could escort its breath so close, feeling its disgusting raw hunger. But it wasnt there, Marks cries told me that. It had followed Mark the fattest one meat on the carcass for a good feast. But I could still hear its breath, trapped in my mind, telling me it was near, that despite Marks cries it was still hunting me.I steadied myself and looked around. Id tumbled into a crimson ditch, a jagged hole cover in blood. Every inch of grass, every patch of mud was smeared red. I blinked a couple of times and gagged as the stench beat its way through my nostrils and indeed, under the bootleglight, I saw them. There were a dozen rabbit carcasses in the hole with me, each of them dissected and eviscerated by teeth. This is where it was before eliminate the bar, this is where it started before it came to us for the main course. I pulled myself up, s carefulnessd Id vomit. Marks cries had find outped.Mark had been stopped. It was unplumbed again, so I couldnt retch. If I threw up it would know where I was, it would celebrate me easy. I crawled from the ditch, away from the blood and the smell. I lay on the grass, care my face pressed down, hoping the aroma of night time freshness would abolish totally another(prenominal)s. I was tempted to just stay there, but the pain in my heel was too frequently. I had a knife in my occupy, a good sharp blade. I could cut out the wound, remove the infection. The shack wasnt retravel. I knew this land, knew how to navigate these moors I just prayed I could move fast enough it wouldnt catch me.I stood up, putting my weight on my right foot, only gingerly using my left. I took my bearings. Marks cries had come from the east. What was it doing now? Was it eat? Was it burrowing its nose into Marks blubber? Or was it spill to use the doggedness to hunt down me and Pete as well?It had started in the bar what? Half an minute of arc earlier? A vivification time ago? The Bar At The End Of The World we called it. There had been trinity of us in, and ca pital of Minnesota the bar-keep. No motion who else was there, the three of us and capital of Minnesota the bar-keep were forever and a day there. We were single men, away from civilisation, sword lily in the absence of any other hu universe companionship to rich person a kind of family to go to of an regularing. It wasnt exclusive, we never made anyone feel an outsider. When others came in from the moors they were welcomed, they were old friends. Even strangers received a cheery greeting. Wed had lost side motorists, Scotsmen in kilts, even erstwhile a Japanese coach party. We always treated strangers kindly, we always wanted the stranger to leave as a friend. We werent a bar which looked shifty and suspicious at every mystic who walked in. We smilingd, we cheered, we brought another round.The stranger who walked in that night was different. He looked cold, distant, unfriendly. He looked uniform a serviceman who wouldnt appreciate smiles or cheers or any nimble welco me. He was huge, the size and shape of a bear near vii foot of him. He lowered his crack through the limenway and then straightened, standing dead still, staring at us on our bar-stools. Pete the friendliest, youngest and lithest tended to pounce forward and shake the hand of whoever came in, he didnt with this guy. This man just stood and glared at us, uniform he was ready to growl if we came near.We were in the inconclusive, we ourselves were part of the wild but he looked like he was born of it. His hair was greasy and matted to his simian shaped skull, his beard was torn and tangled, his skin was red and lined from exposure. His longsighted jacket was the brown of every kind of dirt, his trousers were varnished and short on his bruised calves, his torn shirt was only buttoned once showing off a scarred and lined torso.It was Paul who spoke. Paul was the custodian and was never scared of confronting the unruly elements his shotgun was never outlying(prenominal) fro m reach infra the bar.Can I overhaul you? he asked.The man did nothing, just continued to stare with passive venom.Can I help you? said Paul.The man moved. He turned his head, slowly, towards the bar-keep.Whisky. said the man, his voice as dark as earth.You got money for that? asked Paul.It was never usually a problem. at one time or twice wed had a tramp stray out that far and wed brought them drinks tramps turn over stories too. No one seemed willing to volunteer this time.The man took three strides, three strides which seemed to dent and echo against the floor. He grabbed a bar stool and swooped it under him. It was amazing those rickety old stools could take such a weight.Whisky. said the man.You got money for that? said Paul.They stared at each other. Paul kept his hand beneath the bar, clutching the gun. There was music on the jukebox, an old kill hit of the nineteen-seventies, but even though it played it was like tranquility had come and crushed it.The man brought hi s hand up, a brutal gun of a fist huge, scarred and red. He opened it, dropping a dozen coins down onto the bar. He smiled at Paul, or gave what passed for a smile on that face.Paul let go of the gun and pulled out a clean glass.What kind? he asked.Whisky.Paul shrugged and reached for a bottle the cheapest and poured out a measure.The whisky made itself at home at the croup of the glass, but the man just stared at it in disapproval.Whisky. he said.Paul poured another measure.Again the man stared at it with disgust strained across his wrinkled, bruised face.Whisky.Paul shrugged again and poured it so the glass was brimming with brown crystalline.Helicopters I could suddenly hear choppers. They were up there, more than one patrolling the night-sky. I dropped to the grass and looked up, but couldnt see them despite the moonlight. How did they know close it? Who had called them? It took a long time to get a helicopter out here helicopters were city. They mustiness train been hunting this thing awhile, must feel tracked it down here. But what were they going to do now? It was an animal, it had natural sensations they didnt know this moor, they didnt know where things were. It was ridiculous, what were city men in helicopters going to do against a sentient being like that?I lay still. They were on my side. The police, the army, the protection authorities whoever they were we all wanted the same thing, we wanted it gone. But I knew they wouldnt be as careful as I would. Theyd come to the moors before looking for things, other animals roaming these parts. Theyd found them, theyd got them and so what if a local got in the way of their sharpen bullets? It was collateral damage, it didnt matter. After all, we were too far away from the cities and the towns and the newspapers and the television cameras for anyone to care what actually happened. We were too far away for the death of a a couple of(prenominal) yokel innocents to matter. But we knew. We kne w it was as just as dangerous encountering a city man sent with a gun as it was encountering a beast.I got up slowly. What would I look like to them? A man limping in darkness across the moor, smeared with dirt and remains how was I going to appear to them?I tried to figure out where they were the sound of propellers said they were close, but I could also hear that alert. I shuddered. I had to keep moving, I had to get safe. My shack, with heavy bolts on the doors and windows, was still a mile away. There was nowhere else though. nowhere between where I stood and my shack. Nowhere in that direction between the bar and my shack. It was all so desolate. I had to get home I could lock himself in, I had weapons, Id be open to treat my ankle and give myself a chance of a tomorrow. I just had to get off the moor. I didnt want to die out there from either sharpened teeth or sharpened bullets.The man had just stared at that glass of whisky. Rain fell, records changed on the jukebox and still the man watched that glass with slow contemplation. All human sound had died. in the lead the man walked in Pete was regaling us with a childhood story wed all hear three hundred times, Mark nevertheless could not stop sniggering at it now there was only silence. We stared at the man ardent of what he was going to do, scared of what he was going to do. Pauls hand was below the bar, tight on the gun. possibly the man would just drink and leave. Maybe hed drink and start a conversation. Maybe.His hand reached quick for the glass. One moment it was lying still in his lap, the next it was dropping the brown liquid down his throat. He took it in one gulp, then slammed the glass back to the bar and stared at it disappointed. He seemed to wonder if that was it. Paul reached his free hand to the bottle, to offer a refill, when the man jerked himself over the glass. He hunched his dead body over as if about to vomit the contents back in, his head so close he could have snapped th e rim with his teeth. But he didnt. Instead he unfurled his lingua, pushing it into the empty glass so it curled at the bottom and piled up on itself.The tongue was long, dark, thick it had both black veins course and pulsing up the back. He pushed it into the glass and fill up it. The receptacle crammed full with purple flesh spilling over the top Then he made a slurping sound, like his tongue was a paper-straw reaching for the finishing drop of liquid. He slid it out, but stayed hunched forward and unfurled it again, wrapping his tongue around the base of the glass. He lifted it from the bar, tilting his head back and quiver whatever atoms of whisky might be left into his wide longing mouth. He dropped the glass back to the bar carelessly, so it landed on its side and rolled. The man grunted as it came to a stop right at the edge.I wasnt far now, but still far from safe. The helicopters had moved away, but there were men on the moors. I could hear them communicating, I coul d hear the static of their walkie-talkies. They were armed and scared in the moonlight, and it didnt matter what they saw man, sheep, deer, immense big beast theyd all get the same treatment. I kept moving, conscious of them, conscious of the salivating breath, conscious that one wrong turn and Id be exposed for all in the moonlight. I rounded a ridge, and there close enough to see was my shack. I felt so much relief I nearly wept, but then I comprehend them on the bank right preceding(prenominal) me. I hit bank-side and listened, they were chatting about vectors and shut downs and containing the area. All the time the beast was getting nearer.It was so dark out there even with the moon that it could have pounced from five feet and strike me. Even with armed city men so close, it would still have time to tear out my throat before taking them too. They were above me so I couldnt move, but I could hear the beast and knew I had to move. The sound of its hunger was louder when I stopped. It seemed like it could attack from all sides, like I could be ripped apart by more than one of them. It was everywhere. What were those idiots doing? Why were they advertising themselves? I held my breath and listened to them and listened to it, and figured I was in for a bloody death.Then there were screams. From across the moor came dreadful cries, that even through the wind I recognised as Pete. I lurched forward from the bank, but then reality knocked me back again. Even if I knew where to run it would be too late. The screams swirled in the wind, they echoed, so it seemed that each death agony was repeated again and again across the moors. The men primed their weapons, but what were they going to fire at? It could be miles off, it could be bursting up from just over the next hillock. Finally there was movement, orders were given, the men raced away. I could still hear the breathing, rattling between my ears even with the screams. I could hear the helicopters swoop ing back. The men had gone, the helicopters werent near enough yet and it was as close as it had ever been. If I looked to my left I could make out the brickwork of my shack. I moved hastily towards it.With the empty glass in front of him, the man closed in(p) his eyes and became still. Why hadnt Paul shot him then? Why didnt he just blast him one? What had gone through Pauls mind to make him wait?But then the opportunity was gone, his eyes opened and he spoke.I get so lonesome(a), he said. I get so very, very lonely. His voice was quiet, a growled monotone. I know the kind of life I lead isnt meant to have company, but still I am lonely. I think its an odd thing for me to have become lonely I wasnt born lonely, I didnt grow up lonely, there was nothing in my life that suggested loneliness. But now I am alone. I dont miss the people I knew, I dont miss the people who love me some of them I cant even remember but I do miss the sensation of somebody else, I do miss there being an other.I talk to myself a lot, I talk to myself and furnish to make sense of it, because after all who else is there to talk to? Sure, there are people like you. Theres the welcome of strangers when I can get it. But youre not my friends, youre not even my friends for the hours I spend here. Youre just people I meet. You dont like me and you dont trust me and Ill be honest with you, you have no reason to do either. You know what I am, or you have a good idea what I am. You know what I have to do, you know what will happen next. And later on when Im alone I might regret it, but for nowAnd there it was an angry plentifulness of hair, claws and teeth. It went for Mark first the most meat but Mark was blind drunk and pushed it back. It was only for a second, knocking it off balance, but enough for the three of us to get passed. We scrambled, had almost reached the outside, when it clamped me in a hungry vice. I looked to my foot and saw its horrible mutated face, growling and sup ping at my flesh. I screamed and it was answered by a gunshot. Paul put both barrels into its back. It roared and let go of my heel, and I hobbled out as fast as I could. There was another shot, and then a scream from Paul.I reached my shack, fumbling in the darkness as I tried to open the door. I had to be quicker my blood was in the air, surely I was going to be next. It was so near, its breath seemed to bruise the back of my neck. Finally the door opened. I slammed it behind me, bolted it, pushed furniture to block the windows. Outside were choppers, men running but they werent going to get near it. It was coming for me, stalking me.I opened the table drawer and pulled out my revolver, then went to my book shelves and bats open a puny box. It was a present, given to me as a keepsake, a lucky charm, in case I ever unavoidable it. A silver bullet. I looked to the door and with shaking fingers slipped it into the chamber. The full moon shone on me despite the furniture. I coul d hear growling, panting, a nearby and hopeless salivating. But then I heard a chopper, I heard men. It receded, cowering, taking a tactical retreat. The sound of breathing softened in my head. I took a gulp of relief and vomited on the floor. The vomit was blood red.I sat down, shaking with tears. I reached to the drawer and pulled out a carving knife, bringing it to my heel. But it was no good. The wound was deeper than Id realised, the teeth had drop down in further than I thought, meeting below my flesh. There was no way I could just cut it out, the infection was in me, rampant(ip) in my blood.I put the gun to my temple. Why not? Anyone who passed as my friend had already died that night. But then the moonlight touched me and I realised just how powerful I felt. I could hear the breathing again, friendlier now though. There was a new smell in the night air warm, welcoming. The beast was just the other side of the door, I could sense it. I could smell it, it could smell me. I put the gun down and smiled. I guessed neither of us would be lonely for a little while.

How Far Was the Nuclear Arms Race a Threat to World Peace Essay

The atomic accouterments campaign did threaten universe peace because the weapons be created had the potential to smash the creative activity, to whatever nation this comprehension was threatening especially due to these weapons being in control of ii countries that ideologically combated. Additionally, both superpowers paranoia for one some other grew as the power of the weapons created grew and multiplied, this further threatened knowledge domain peace since any minor movement made by either power could swallow been misinterpreted as an attack.However, it becomes clear from a post perspective that the implements of war race did in accompaniment deter any fig of violence amongst the USA and the USSR, this was due to their fear of mass destruction and that it was more a competition of ability amongst the ii powers rather than a appetency to attack their opponent. Although these facts do suggest the implements of war race wasnt threatening, the fact that both nat ions had the capability to destroy the human being can be seen as sufficient for the weapons race to have been a threat to world peace.The Culture of secrecy that developed during the munition race threatened world peace because it fuelled the paranoia consuming each nation as to whether the other had soldiers superiority. The fears concerning both powers led to assumptions being made on the other clownishs progress, this is evident with the profound tack together the Gaither inform of 1957 had on the US. The report which was commissioned just after Sputnik heightened fear that the Soviet Union had forces superiority because there was a missile gap between the two nations.The report led to the US creating a National Defence educational activity Act in an attempt to reinforce their already extensive host science and defence units, at the time the number of students studying at college doubled (mainly in engineering, maths and science). The impact of the report illustrates US fears of Russia gaining armed services superiority and if Eisenhower had thought the report to be true, it is questionable how much do might have been interpreted to prevent Russian military intimacy expanding.Therefore the culture of secrecy and the ignition of fear it created made the arms race a threat to world peace. Additionally, the concentration of power in the hands of both nations encouraged dangerous tactics to be considered, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as, the US doctrine of massive retribution in 1954. The US was reassured at this point of their atomic superiority over the world and believed that no nation would risk a war against their nuclear based force, it employ the mode of brinkmanship which involved going to the brink of nuclear war.Therefore the method was extremely provocative and if used would easily cause further repugnance and conflict, especially since the USSR was adopting similar methods. An character of Brinkmanship can be seen in the Cuban Missile crisis 1962 which did arguably come to the brink of nuclear war, its an example of how dangerous the method is since if both powers were attempting to use it it wouldnt have the in demand(p) effect of forcing the other country into submission.Consequently it seems the arms race in the 1950s had led to over confidence for both nations to be considering such tactics which undoubtedly would have threatened world peace. However, the nuclear arms race did arguably deter both nations from participating in broadcast conflict due to the threat it would disrupt world peace. This concept of nuclear deterrence arose during the Korean War due to the threat direct conflict posed for not scarce Korea but the world.To prevent nuclear escalation procedures were followed such as Stalin not becoming directly involved in the war and Truman not using nuclear weapons against China, since this would lead to Russia having to support China and an confirming nuclear conflict taking place. When evaluating the Cuban Missile Crisis it is evident the effect different concepts and methods have on the outcome of nuclear threat, massive retaliation led to a quarantine in the Cuban crisis, whilst in the Korean war nuclear deterrence led to peaceful existence of both countries in opposition with no nuclear threat present.But this does order of battle that different methods being interpreted played a key eccentric in the arms race being a threat to world peace and that it wasnt solely the nuclear arms being created. It is likewise clear during 1949-62 that the arms race was more of a competition between the two powers, hence race. Neither concluded any form of destruction or conflict as a result of the arms race, therefore its difficult to view the race as a threat.It is evident that it was simply a competition since it also involved proficient and plaza advances, such as when Sputnik was launched in 1957, US failed in ledger entry their own satellite Vanguard which was seen as a great sorrow and embarrassment for the US. The Soviet Union seemed to advance with rocket technology and in 1961 Yuri Gagarin in Vostok I became the first man in space, this indicates that particularly for Russia the arms race was not only about military advancements but general technological advancements.It illustrates that the arms race was more about being the smartest and just about strong nation rather than bringing about the others destruction and gum olibanum being a threat to the world. It appears that the arms race wasnt only about the destructive weaponry but about the paranoia and the ego of the two powers. Both nations were in fierce competition with the other to be the scoop super power and this seemed far more important to them than actually assail the other nation, this is clear due to both countries agreeing to nuclear deterrence and modified war.Neither country wished to disrupt peace but simply lived in fear of the other country developing a more power ful weapon they could confront the other with, or succeeding them in space technology and thus being the better nation. Although any confrontation that had taken place rarely truly would have led to a nuclear war, there was always a slight threat that even with the about minute misinterpretation a missile could have been fired. This concern feature with the fact both nations did have the capability to destroy the world is enough to conclude that the nuclear arms race was a threat to world peace.

“1984” by George Orwell Analysis Essay

When two claims contradict one a nonher, it is futile and unimportant in attempting to analogize between the two. George Orwell, the author of the bracing 1984, defines replicate mean as the role of holding two contradictory beliefs in ones assessment simultaneously, and judge two of them. It is the idea of genuinely accepting two self-contradictory ideas, which eliminates an privates capacity of world adequate to think or influence f whole by the waysidely. Dinh, the author of both the nationalist operation and the essay How the ground forces patriot Act Defends Democracy, uses a innovative daytime traffic pattern of copy think in an attempt to justify the nationalist Act, an act which unconstitutionally shocks the individuals chastise of concealing through the hugger-mugger use of surveillance. Gelsey, the author of the essay The FBI is Reading everywhere Your Shoulder illustrates the prob qualified effect of the Library Records Provision of the Patriot A ct, otherwise known as partitioning 215. Section 215 allows the governing body to search and obtain the records of any individual without the individuals consent or knowledge. Gelsey claims that intimidating readers in much(prenominal) a manner is, in effect, controlling what we read and how we think, hence it circumvents the First Amendment by threatening readers rather than prohibiting what they read.Gelsey comp atomic number 18s this countryment to Winston Smith, the protagonist of the tonic 1984, whose capacity of free suasion and self expression is impaired and damaged overdue to constant monitoring and surveillance. The two conflicting claims of both Dinh and Gelsey take in in to point the issue of protecting individual rights versus the right of the state to access an individuals private in conformationation. Dinh claims that a balance of ideals and proficiencys is needful and required for the rights of the individual to be saved. However, these techniques of surv eillance and monitoring violate those ideals, which atomic number 18 the constitutional rights that protect an individual from state might. Dinhs statement of trust ideals and techniques brook be viewed as a ripe day form of doublethink because Dinh attempts to justify the Patriot Act through the explanation of how the rights of an individual can only be protect when those rights be unconstitutionally violated through the exposure of privacy.Doublethink, which is the simultaneous belief in two contradictory ideas man universe unaw be of its compatibility, is a form of manipulation of the mind. In the myth 1984, the protagonist Winston Smith is constantly under monitor and surveillance, which has altered and mangle his mind. Thus he becomes incapable of being able to know which thoughts are truly his, and is no longer able to express himself of his own free will. The perpetual presidency surveillance in the novel forces Winston to secretly obtain a diary in which to writ e his own thoughts. However, the pressure of being under incessant monitoring has made Winston incapable of expressing his own thoughts, as he is only able to write the same phrase over and over. This creates a sense of paranoia that is too seen in Gelseys essay as she writes about the interminate surveillance and monitoring of innocent and unsuspecting individuals. Gelsey states that the feeling of being monitored inhibits freedom of thought as seen in Winston, and also in modern society today.However, Dinh, the writer of the Patriot Act, claims much(prenominal) fear and paranoia are absurd, and states that it is historically and legally unfounded to compare government surveillance to that of the surveillance utilize in 1984. In the novel, the Party, who are elites, uses doublethink as a massive disturb in govern to psychologically pull wires the individuals of the society they live in. By using double think, the Party is able to deteriorate the individuals capability of bei ng able to think independently. They manipulate the individual into believe whatever they are told to believe. The official guide word of the Party, which is war is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is effect is the first example and introduction to a form of doublethink. The words of the slogan all contradict one a nonher. Yet the party is successfully able to manipulate society, which allows them to force individuals into believing whatever is needed to believe, regardless of how intuitive or contradictory the statement may be. By being manipulated and coerced into accepting the ambivalent and conflicting nature of doublethink, the independence and self determination of individuals depress to dwindle and diminish.In 1984, doublethink is seen once more as Winston Smith deletes trouble yet true features from the public records. He is then forced by the Party to believe the fabricated version of the truth. A modern day form of doublethink is used by Dinh, the author of the Patriot Act. Dinh expresses a modern day form of double think as he arfues that the report, which protects individualsfrom government power, must be violated by the government in order for the individuals right to be protected. This unconstitutional claim contradicts itself, and so Dinh has incorporated a modern day form of double think in his essay. As the plot of 1984 progresses, it is clarified that newspeak must be bribe in order for doublethink to be efficient. Newspeak is the official language of the society in 1984.The Party created Newspeak with the purpose of limiting a soulfulnesss thought and speech, thus eliminating any rebellious thought. This allows the Party to constantly monitor individuals and to still ensure that everyday thought and speech can be peculiar(a) and manipulated. Newspeak is the method the Party members adopt in order to control and manipulate thinking through the alteration of language, while double think is the technique the Party members use to directly control individual thoughts. Doublethink also allows the Party, or in Dinhs case, to hide its own wrongs from itself and society through the invariable use of surveillance and propaganda. This proves to affect not only the individuals thought and actions shown in 1984, but also that of the individual members of the Party. Doublethink proves to be an effective method of persuasion and manipulation not only in the novel 1984, but in modern society as well, as seen in the issue brought upon by the Patriot Act.When the individuals right to privacy is tested by the government, it is justifiable for the principle and morality of the government to be tested by the individual. The Patriot Act, written by Dinh, claims to balance the ideals and techniques that are required for the protection of the individuals rights granted by the genius. Section 215 of the Patriot Act grants the government the ability to obtain the records of any individual, such as library hand records, prov iding that the government assures that it is trying to protect against terrorism. It is verbalize in the First Amendment that an individual has the right to read whatever book or material they desire to read. However, Section 215 of the Patriot Act violates the right of being able to freely choose what an individual wants to read. If the rights of one person are violated, then the rights of every individual of this country are violated. thus it is constitutional and democratic for the right of every individual to be protected, not just a select few.In society today, the free communication between people is thebasis for free thinking. the freedom of thought is curtailed if there is no free communication, which results in restricted thinking. Gelsey writes that the FBI is policing our minds by purporting to read them. Although Dinh claims that the Patriot Act protects the rights of individuals, Gelsey believes that this section violates the most essential right granted by the Cons titution, which is that giving up privacy rights cant plug personal safety, but it will almost certainly inhibit intellectual freedom. She states that she does not want to give up liberty for security because it does not guarantee security. However, the pressure of being watched and monitored will take away the individuals ability to properly think, as shown by Winston in the 1984. This is where Dinh disagrees.He states that such concerns expressed about official surveillance of US citizens are presumable and should be addressed. He then attempts to explain how the Patriot Act does not violate individual rights by stating that the society should trust us. The government wouldnt abuse these new powers against individuals. However, it is difficult to trust Dinhs claim base on his lack of credibility. From the beginning of his essay How the USA Patriot Act Defends Democracy, contradictory statements are already evident.Although he wrote the Patriot Act, Dinh thinks that the Patriot Act is one of the most important legislative measures in American history. If Dinh thinks that the Patriot Act is only one of the most legislative measures, it shows that Dinh himself is not sure whether or not it is important at all. He also states that the terrorists are nihilistic, which is untrue. Terrorists are religious fanatics and true believers in religious or personal causes. All these inaccurate and false statements demonstrates Dinhs lack of credential. wherefore the readers have valid campaign of not accepting Dinhs claims. As a result, Dinh attempts to use a modern day form of doublethink in an attempt to justify his claims in order to persuade the reader.Chaos and discordance is inevitable without a certain amount of balance. In the concluding split of Dinhs essay, Dinh attempts to clarify the relationship of ideals and techniques. Dinh states that the foundation of liberty is under glide slope Although he persuasively attempts to articulate this claim, the foun dation of liberty is in fact not in jeopardy. Thefoundation of liberty is the Constitution, which states the rights of citizens in this democratic nation. These rights accept the Bill of Rights, which are the amendments of the Constitution. Dinh alerts the readers that terrorists are attempting to ardor the foundation of liberty, the Constitution. However, terrorists do not prioritize in the undertaking of missions to eliminate the rights of U.S. citizens. Terrorists attempt to define their reason of terrorism by attacking capitalism. Capitalism and nation are not similar systems. Capitalism describes the stintingal system, while democracy is the political system.Terrorists attack capitalism, not the Constitution, through the destruction of symbolic buildings in order to oblige the economical growth of the United States. Further in the paragraph, Dinh exclaims that it is critical that we both reaffirm the ideals of our constitutional democracy. Dinh defines ideals as the rights given to each individual that protects from government power. The constitutional democracy he also writes about is not the conjuration of economic opportunity, but it is Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Dinh also states that it is important to take the techniques required to secure those ideals against the threat of terrorism. Dinh believes that the Patriot Act is the necessary technique that can extend the powers of government by going beyond what the honor of nature permits. These techniques violates the Constitution through the surveillance of individuals by the order of the state.By declaring that these techniques are necessary in order to secure the ideals against the threat of terrorism, Dinh is acknowledging the fact that the Constitution must be violated in order for it to be protected from terrorism. However, it is was already mentioned that the terrorists do not pursue the Constitution, but rather the economic growth of the U.S. Dinh indicates that the government must violate the rights which protect individuals from state power in order to protect those rights. This is an evident use of modern double think, which is the the power of holding two contradictory beliefs in ones mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them Dinh continues by quoting a renowned law professor who knows nothing about the terrorists that Dinh is warning the readers about. The quote ideals without techniques are a mess.But technique without ideals is a menace does not relate to Dinhs Patriot Act. Dinh simply uses Llewellyns quote without even explaining the intended centre of it. Dinh attempts torelate the Patriot act with the ideals and techniques, but it is evident that the two cannot be compared in any aspect. There is only the reiteration and repetition of the words ideals and techniques, which does not clearly explain the meaning or purpose of Dinhs use of those words. Dinh merely states that the combining of ideals and techniques will shield democracy, and t hen uses double think in order to justify how the Patriot Act violates the Constitution and individual rights.It is evident that Dinhs statement can be viewed as a modern day form of double think because it attempts to unite the contradictory claims that an individuals rights can only be protected through the violation of those rights. Gelsey claims that the governmental techniques, which involve surveillance and obtaining unwarranted records, directly violate the ideals and rights that Dinh claims to protect. The capacity of being able to think and act freely are prohibited, if not restricted, hen people are aware that they are under constant surveillance, Innocent individuals being monitored would not be able to act freely because they would not know what actions are capable of being considered suspicious.Gelsey connects her statement to 1984 and its protagonist Winston Smith, whose capability to act and think freely was tampered with due to the strain of being under constant sur veillance. Yet Dinh argues against such claims by stating that During these times, when the foundation of liberty is under attack, we must reaffirm the ideals of our constitutional democracy and also discern the techniques necessary to secure those ideals against the threat of terrorism. Beneath all of the fanciful dictation and reiteration of words, the readers discover that such techniques only violate those ideals. The violation of privacy rights can only be regarded as a direct violation to the Constitution, not as a shield to those ideals. As Dinh discards the comparison of the Patriot Act with Orwells illustration of the states potential to invade individual rights, the readers discard Dinhs credentials as well, due to the inaccurate and inconclusive use of the techniques and ideals he regards as necessary in the fight against terrorism.Citing SourcesGelsey, Zara. The FBI is Looking Over Your Shoulder. The Brief Bedford Reader.Ed. X. J. K. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron. 9th. Ed.Boston Bedford, 2006. 473- 478Dinh, Viet. How the U.S. Patriot Act Defends Democracy. The Brief Bedford Reader.Ed. X. J. K. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron. 9th. Ed.Boston Bedford, 2006. 479- 485Orwell, George. _1984_. Afterword by Erich Fromm. New York Signet, 1992

She Stoops to Conquer- Male Characters

Through a close compend of the presentation of at least two of the plays male oddballs, show how gold-worker presents attitudes towards women in the play Oliver gold-worker has cleverly composed an exceptionally prosperous comedic play, belonging to the Pastoral Genre, comprising of many key themes and ideas including that of the attitudes of males toward feminines, the social divide betwixt the lower and upper class and the idea of progress and tradition.Through the numerous linguistic and dramatic devices including dramatic incitement and comedic language, goldsmith is able to portray the attitudes displayed by the male characters such as Mr Hardcastle, Charles Marlow and George battle of Hastings towards women within the play. Firstly, the fictitious Mr Hardcastle shows alter attitudes towards women in the play. We ab initio face a in truth traditional and prude attitude towards his daughter, Kate Hardcastle.Goldsmith implies that Mr Hardcastle has a very traditional, ty pically pastoral popular opinion towards women in the sense that they should be the pinnacle of youth and beauty, but also very pure and simple, all attributes which relate back to the pastoral. This is shown when Mr Hardcastle encourages Kate to shave in what he believes to be appropriate- Blessings on my pretty innocence Drest out as usual, my Kate. excellence What quantity of superfluous silk has thou got about thee, girl In this sense, we see Mr Hardcastle pop out very traditional and extremely authoritative everyplace Kate, suggesting a strict attitude. Mr Hardcastle appears to believe that his orders should be followed by the women, as he has office over them once again implying that women are aboveboard, pure and a reprimand of Eve, releaseing key elements to the pastoral. Although within the Exposition stage of the play, we see Kate put forward by her fathers wishes- in the evening, I put on my house-wifes dress to please you, Mr Hardcastle displays an alternative attitude over women, implying he is very reverential and caring.This is shown when he informs Kate- If he be what he has shewn himself, Im resolute he shall never have my consent, suggesting that although Mr Hardcastle upholds extremely traditional values, he is willing to put them aside to ensure the happiness of his daughter, displaying a more(prenominal) modernised, protective attitude towards women. Goldsmith is able to show attitudes towards women through the character of Charles Marlow. In the Complication stage of the play, Goldsmith introduces Comedy of Manners, which explores codes of deportment in sections of upper and middle class to display Marlows counterpoint attitudes towards women.As we see Kate transform and disguise into a lower class barmaid, the sense of hearing are equally surprised to see the change in Marlows behaviour and attitude as he goes from being a nervous, handless fool, to an over confident, boastful man, who is certainly non shy s fairly wo men of a lower class, often treating them with an air of great disrespect, as though they are plainly a possession to him- I vow, child, you are immensely hand more or less.Marlow appears to have a differing attitude depending on the class in which women belong. As he greets Kate as someone who belongs to the upper class, he is reverent and has a gentlemanly manner, referring to her as noblewoman. Through this we see Marlow appear to be very insecure and intimidated, suggesting that he has an enormous sense of lower status when it comes to upper class women.Despite this, Marlow displays a change in attitude towards the female character of Kate when she disguises herself as a barmaid, suggesting he sentiments women as being merely a possession for men to do what they wish- If you keep me at this distance, how is it viable you and I arouse ever be acquainted. Through this characterisation, Goldsmith presents class conflict, masked with an element of comedy and farce to reveal M arlows view upon women. Finally, Goldsmith presents a very traditional view upon women through the characterisation of George Hastings.From the exposition of the play, we learn that Hastings is deeply in love with Miss Constance Neville, whom he is desperate to marry. Hastings appears to be attracted to Constance initially because of her undoubtable beauty and youth, purity and innocence, which are all aspect of pastoral. As Constance informs Hastings that she cannot marry him until she has claimed her jewels, we see that Hastings wants to be the one to provide for her, suggesting a traditional and protective attitude, as he states materialistic goods are not needed- Perish all the baublesYour person is all I desire. Goldsmith presents a romantic, optimistic attitude over women and marriage in the view of Hastings. Despite this, we also learn that Hastings views women as something with which he can relieve his teasing and flirtatious nature, which is shown when he is seen compliment ing Mrs Hardcastle with sarcasm- extremely elegant and degagee, upon my word, Madam.With the use of Parody, Hastings implies that although he upholds traditional values, he views women to be gullible creatures, whom he can mock and tease, although in a light hearted and mischievous, comedic sense. Overall, through the use of dramatic incitement, characterisation and various types of comedy including Parody, gormandize and Comedy of Manners, Goldsmith has cleverly presented the typical attitude males had over women at the time in which the play was written.All of the male characters within the play handle similar attitudes in the sense that they have power and status over the women within the play, as they are typically viewed as being innocent and pure in a pastoral sense, however in some ways the audience will see that this is beginning to change as womens roles are evolving. At times women appear to be more powerful than the men within the play, such as how Kate is able to wand er and trick Marlow into believing she was a barmaid. Goldsmith has presented a traditional, yet reverent attitude towards women through the play in its entirety.